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also known as the "cold tongue index" (CTI)
1845 - April 2007
Introduction | analyses | digital values
Large non-seasonal SST fluctuations along the Peru coast are associated with El Niño, which although significantly correlated with the ENSO SST fluctuations, do not exhibit a one-to-one correspondence with cold tongue SST anomalies (Deser and Wallace 1987). A useful index of El Niño is given by SST anomalies at Puerto Chicama Peru (8S).
Two WWW sites which describe ENSO and El Niño are the Reports to the Nation: El Niño and Climate Prediction and "El Niño/La Niña, Nature's Vicious Cycle" from National Geographic. The remainder of this WWW page is a technical discussion of how the CTI is calculated.
The cold tongue index (CTI) is the average SST anomaly over 6N-6S, 180-90W (the dotted region in the map) minus the global mean SST. The SST observations are the International Comprehensive Ocean-Atmosphere Data Set (ICOADS) version 2.3 delayed-mode data for 1845-2005 and real-time data for 2006. The real-time observations have been subjected to a similar quality control to the delayed-mode data, and they are not the reanalysis or one of the products produced by Reynolds, Smith, Stokes and collaborators.
Monthly SST climatology fields are calculated for 1950-79, and each field is smoothed with successive 5- and 3-point running means along latitude circles to reduce the noisiness of the field. Anomalies are calculated with respect to this climatology. In a given month, the CTI value is the average of the available data for all of the 2-degree latitude-longitude grid boxes in the CTI region, weighted by the number of observations in each 2-degree box. The global mean SST anomaly is subtracted from the CTI in order to remove a step jump at the onset of World War II when the composition of the marine observations largely changed from bucket to engine intake measurements (Barnett 1984, Folland and Parker, 1995), and to lessen the secular trend in the time series that has been associated with global warming (Zhang et al. 1997). The following figure shows the average SST anomaly in the cold tongue index region, the global SST anomaly, and the cold tongue index (the cold tongue index region SST anomaly minus the global mean anomaly). The ordinate tick interval is 1C. There are only occasional observations in the CTI region before 1845, and the 1845 warm ENSO is corroborated by the analysis of proxy El Niño data by Quinn and collaborators.
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CTI values in hundredths deg. C. For example, 62 is 0.62 C.
jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec 1845 62 70 51 21 39 1846 -45 1847 -117 1848 -71 1849 -128 -285 -60 -6 -13 -41 7 5 -83 -58 -80 -137 1850 -77 -67 -56 -91 46 43 69 40 41 -11 -25 2 1851 -20 -74 42 -38 40 -1 -44 -23 100 86 13 -13 1852 -15 2 -56 -77 -15 77 120 46 100 88 132 2 1853 25 -8 12 -48 -16 -11 12 -35 9 16 24 100 1854 29 31 26 -16 63 58 86 15 -51 42 -60 -68 1855 50 66 21 -26 39 52 64 115 -24 115 131 1856 149 54 0 25 -14 -56 -2 -62 -42 -16 -5 -88 1857 -92 61 -43 -78 3 67 180 110 4 69 1858 61 48 83 12 28 81 -67 -52 -67 123 38 -5 1859 -52 44 -14 -108 2 -65 34 114 -114 -9 -27 3 1860 -61 -33 -92 -58 -68 -51 -72 1861 -37 115 -58 1862 36 100 -3 -77 1863 -83 -30 1864 14 199 161 1865 0 1866 1867 310 1868 -169 40 18 44 9 226 258 273 1869 30 -21 -170 10 -65 -88 1870 -133 -16 102 60 -23 -87 -55 -83 -98 55 1871 -31 39 64 51 -34 68 -4 49 26 -12 -23 1872 -10 -29 -62 56 -11 -87 28 -56 -26 -87 -75 1873 -76 -85 -58 -12 22 18 -24 -36 -122 1874 -83 -90 -38 -108 7 -15 -98 22 -60 -96 -143 1875 4 -92 -7 -35 -14 28 -8 -50 -30 -69 -86 -49 1876 65 -78 -135 -128 -54 -15 81 71 37 107 107 48 1877 144 36 54 163 92 202 68 184 188 240 225 226 1878 185 108 83 55 13 28 -13 -48 9 -73 1879 -24 39 2 4 -36 -50 -10 -54 23 -59 -57 -67 1880 -138 13 -5 177 10 4 19 58 111 38 28 1881 49 17 62 51 33 38 68 11 80 -13 -7 -28 1882 -28 -47 42 35 40 -38 -73 -31 6 -50 -47 -59 1883 -63 -29 65 107 51 -3 12 54 18 20 9 5 1884 -17 2 60 3 105 7 35 59 64 132 125 108 1885 75 10 66 36 54 84 -13 50 86 70 118 124 1886 51 -40 -18 -121 -71 -82 -76 -57 -68 -68 -116 1887 -101 -78 -42 -22 40 -11 -7 -32 48 -2 47 28 1888 83 132 70 81 102 100 88 95 169 189 214 219 1889 259 188 51 78 70 35 -20 -61 -111 -102 -99 -51 1890 -44 26 -124 5 -1 -27 -26 -24 0 2 -55 38 1891 44 31 15 92 68 90 56 112 -20 38 70 6 1892 17 -1 4 -30 -23 -53 -23 -89 -107 -100 -78 1893 -94 -125 -85 -44 -58 -25 -28 -54 -51 -31 -40 -50 1894 -44 33 -45 -37 20 -13 69 -1 -2 -50 11 -47 1895 -10 -60 17 28 50 75 32 48 96 89 117 83 1896 82 23 56 33 41 52 142 157 113 134 185 204 1897 170 152 68 -42 -8 28 78 -29 22 -12 -14 -42 1898 8 -55 -57 -32 -5 -21 -26 -58 3 -26 -44 -51 1899 -38 -12 -69 19 12 21 43 90 112 125 172 164 1900 148 150 100 75 96 90 88 58 32 86 24 58 1901 58 29 3 38 10 23 -42 -7 31 38 46 23 1902 50 68 62 76 88 106 212 172 182 207 214 186 1903 187 153 118 42 54 13 -23 -47 -15 2 -45 -63 1904 4 17 35 4 19 75 129 138 78 149 130 140 1905 164 122 146 125 182 186 140 135 198 164 139 120 1906 146 69 35 70 30 -20 -30 -99 -25 -56 -92 -6 1907 -19 -39 -52 -5 33 47 97 29 93 43 62 66 1908 -12 85 20 -10 4 -54 -49 -1 -82 -33 -51 -63 1909 -45 -104 -12 -21 -60 -50 -24 -82 -44 -94 -96 -120 1910 -67 -14 -89 -114 -41 -37 -13 -43 -46 4 -45 -6 1911 -43 -59 -46 -32 49 40 113 126 129 139 175 225 1912 161 120 77 113 49 -10 27 -23 58 30 -13 1 1913 -4 35 32 13 8 57 55 38 66 57 95 135 1914 123 73 71 84 61 35 76 75 166 99 157 103 1915 69 119 101 50 120 99 -76 128 -3 -63 -67 -53 1916 8 50 -34 53 6 -10 -81 -154 -76 -150 -98 -75 1917 -79 25 -28 42 -1 33 -39 54 0 -155 -65 1918 21 -44 11 -30 62 96 104 117 134 99 228 234 1919 132 177 46 38 79 47 23 24 85 42 37 106 1920 86 -82 92 19 96 98 34 -9 54 17 -1 5 1921 10 38 -51 1 -40 -3 6 -22 49 4 -17 27 1922 -30 6 27 39 43 -38 -1 -29 -8 -69 -56 3 1923 -22 -39 21 26 53 58 71 64 113 98 98 90 1924 46 42 43 -10 -48 -21 -49 -63 -64 -51 -63 -45 1925 -65 -39 1 4 12 50 65 87 90 85 134 118 1926 127 95 88 89 85 -7 46 3 -14 -43 -35 -43 1927 25 39 -28 -30 19 4 -16 9 33 50 30 47 1928 35 21 11 27 37 -31 18 7 14 -2 3 14 1929 -34 -15 35 28 36 45 31 33 66 47 51 39 1930 47 34 33 51 52 26 86 79 117 118 162 159 1931 166 107 94 90 57 23 20 15 -28 -48 -47 -44 1932 -14 18 57 34 95 54 19 9 15 30 4 -1 1933 -1 36 -9 12 -37 -44 -62 -69 -37 -102 -77 -85 1934 -51 -43 -22 19 13 -8 -4 19 6 -15 0 -50 1935 -62 -51 -4 -26 -17 -4 -14 30 29 29 23 7 1936 32 29 24 45 25 -22 -23 -16 11 21 -9 -5 1937 -31 -22 -3 22 -3 17 9 -7 4 -15 17 -12 1938 -59 -12 -61 -71 -61 -79 -102 -62 -89 -8 -80 -41 1939 -7 16 -41 79 38 53 74 67 68 -34 -33 29 1940 104 97 83 -5 80 55 51 22 53 50 79 120 1941 121 121 109 107 112 116 111 64 44 56 111 123 1942 90 64 26 40 -3 0 -35 -85 -117 -90 -120 -105 1943 -125 -106 -94 -58 -59 -13 3 20 -2 -68 -59 -43 1944 -46 -18 -10 21 21 3 25 18 25 -42 -36 -29 1945 -58 -45 -105 -126 -24 -71 -41 -20 -33 -34 33 1946 23 -11 38 54 -47 -48 -62 47 -30 -28 50 1947 46 35 28 35 48 46 -25 -22 -25 -38 -19 -3 1948 38 36 56 50 38 -32 -70 -23 -35 -46 -2 16 1949 -65 46 -2 61 29 -27 -20 -41 -82 -108 -130 -57 1950 -115 -127 -43 -66 -74 -51 -98 -49 -83 -88 -99 -30 1951 -37 -41 -25 57 61 6 143 119 72 115 155 109 1952 65 23 -9 35 -5 -44 -41 -43 -18 -30 -32 -26 1953 41 40 45 95 68 55 51 17 86 26 48 15 1954 -10 0 15 -91 -94 -104 -102 -97 -97 -107 -81 -86 1955 -26 16 -47 -37 -92 -88 -94 -67 -112 -134 -178 -142 1956 -110 -52 -39 -11 -23 -8 -22 -49 -50 -44 -67 -56 1957 -54 -1 39 66 102 124 150 118 107 84 122 127 1958 136 116 87 37 28 43 36 23 -22 4 8 4 1959 5 8 43 46 21 -13 -23 -22 -22 41 9 10 1960 3 -7 18 10 4 -18 -22 -12 18 -28 -52 -26 1961 -8 51 10 5 -8 22 -52 -52 -81 -102 -28 -29 1962 -16 7 -26 -84 -49 -22 -39 -25 -37 -40 -55 -76 1963 -41 -33 6 7 8 21 63 70 69 64 78 85 1964 68 17 -15 -62 -103 -106 -44 -60 -38 -50 -60 -77 1965 -10 14 33 54 114 135 131 159 147 155 158 141 1966 128 78 37 3 -18 -15 13 -6 -24 -2 -48 -52 1967 -39 -17 -23 -22 15 31 -18 -94 -82 -69 -54 -49 1968 -70 -81 -81 -42 -45 -3 31 54 44 45 59 77 1969 73 39 41 52 105 72 30 66 70 92 91 113 1970 68 21 -15 6 -28 -66 -116 -89 -69 -61 -101 -69 1971 -111 -82 -58 -39 -34 -36 -38 -66 -42 -63 -61 -78 1972 -14 -9 11 60 87 107 159 179 157 188 194 212 1973 163 47 19 -44 -55 -72 -112 -110 -86 -83 -88 -107 1974 -106 -64 -47 -13 -2 11 0 3 -4 -54 -52 -66 1975 -21 -36 -19 8 -27 -70 -61 -57 -70 -77 -78 -120 1976 -100 -30 -11 3 48 103 100 135 111 117 108 67 1977 97 56 47 -22 -5 -1 14 -4 10 39 37 61 1978 55 40 -2 -38 -38 -49 -42 -60 -18 8 7 33 1979 -16 8 11 25 38 35 2 21 62 53 59 37 1980 36 9 19 20 41 48 1 -6 22 -7 33 41 1981 -61 -55 -22 -35 -7 -2 -37 -49 10 -13 -30 24 1982 31 -6 11 30 73 100 78 105 173 183 243 270 1983 227 168 146 137 197 160 111 88 79 -10 -39 -48 1984 -27 -25 17 -30 -48 -99 -30 -19 -9 -73 -41 -76 1985 -79 -72 -79 -58 -73 -44 -49 -31 -52 -41 -47 -41 1986 -50 -13 -12 -20 -24 -25 20 21 37 17 94 84 1987 123 115 104 109 121 114 125 133 154 122 101 93 1988 37 13 -7 -44 -117 -158 -132 -95 -56 -103 -106 -108 1989 -76 -51 -87 -65 -31 -17 -60 -32 -16 -19 -28 -27 1990 -15 12 6 -17 29 -2 0 22 15 16 -4 -14 1991 19 0 1 -1 49 78 64 52 45 95 110 134 1992 149 135 105 109 112 46 37 11 17 -10 2 10 1993 12 29 49 86 101 90 68 59 77 77 68 44 1994 24 -3 -6 -9 16 30 12 39 62 89 112 96 1995 80 63 9 -15 -26 -9 -19 -46 -51 -66 -80 -71 1996 -55 -73 -53 -62 -39 -39 -21 -26 -28 -31 -33 -60 1997 -39 -29 -12 35 91 114 162 191 215 219 251 242 1998 215 160 120 71 55 -28 -76 -75 -59 -107 -131 -160 1999 -161 -125 -94 -98 -68 -77 -75 -97 -75 -100 -132 -149 2000 -150 -123 -82 -43 -47 -60 -51 -52 -41 -62 -71 -82 2001 -70 -64 -42 -28 -31 -16 -8 -17 -9 -24 -32 -48 2002 -15 -1 -5 5 20 53 54 63 94 90 127 106 2003 82 46 28 -26 -62 -47 -16 -24 0 17 19 23 2004 16 -7 -25 -26 -5 -9 10 27 51 44 55 49 2005 67 37 20 -3 9 -5 -10 -15 -6 -15 -57 -82 2006 -74 -49 -56 -32 -6 -8 -2 27 57 58 90 89 2007 55 14 -11 -29 Number of observations jan feb mar apr may jun jul aug sep oct nov dec 1845 14 7 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1846 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1847 0 0 0 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1848 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 1849 7 5 62 14 20 39 48 40 25 11 42 28 1850 64 101 106 57 59 99 115 54 29 89 78 52 1851 29 42 79 31 18 40 39 23 2 28 10 12 1852 43 19 66 20 18 45 34 41 31 15 18 78 1853 28 75 75 85 55 117 80 73 82 45 64 22 1854 65 23 64 36 27 74 36 83 25 66 71 85 1855 40 166 44 159 71 18 89 130 5 22 8 0 1856 45 93 383 108 28 41 68 41 41 53 58 46 1857 17 3 32 35 14 49 21 20 26 32 0 0 1858 61 13 38 62 6 28 12 14 25 24 38 41 1859 46 33 83 104 55 2 26 6 3 8 7 12 1860 94 48 3 46 22 0 0 0 0 0 21 26 1861 0 0 30 0 0 0 1 0 22 0 0 0 1862 0 0 52 0 0 0 5 0 5 0 43 0 1863 0 0 0 5 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1864 0 0 0 0 0 11 0 14 0 0 70 0 1865 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1866 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1867 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 1868 4 0 2 10 0 10 11 0 10 10 10 0 1869 0 0 0 0 0 16 5 0 44 12 6 5 1870 15 29 11 15 0 22 63 1 6 0 21 8 1871 0 19 29 35 2 45 4 7 35 4 6 5 1872 16 37 8 9 56 0 6 13 38 16 42 25 1873 12 145 13 0 0 7 48 55 0 42 138 33 1874 14 81 41 9 0 26 8 54 6 98 46 6 1875 7 53 165 116 45 6 89 2 80 18 38 68 1876 1 59 20 35 50 23 27 54 39 106 101 18 1877 43 68 11 12 54 8 3 29 68 41 4 100 1878 246 82 0 135 10 0 21 62 31 76 4 97 1879 1 65 48 10 1 36 14 83 50 61 170 40 1880 25 119 50 1 0 89 10 35 88 90 92 75 1881 49 89 78 143 23 3 158 118 19 153 111 72 1882 129 88 28 60 79 46 95 22 67 40 92 87 1883 92 107 59 27 28 99 112 57 100 104 122 124 1884 159 80 21 29 103 122 50 30 163 64 128 112 1885 116 130 55 76 107 63 155 33 132 25 86 8 1886 36 104 68 16 0 151 67 67 82 317 162 142 1887 79 44 38 207 26 114 164 118 60 76 148 125 1888 132 37 183 143 299 91 133 168 118 302 110 86 1889 142 140 126 118 98 86 95 182 21 44 44 88 1890 31 8 27 43 78 75 38 80 183 42 108 73 1891 141 102 226 163 156 118 116 7 77 94 35 188 1892 27 83 223 83 22 89 0 109 56 137 98 34 1893 16 119 108 66 40 23 38 102 103 11 80 29 1894 212 149 160 23 63 51 21 78 75 164 62 140 1895 11 144 79 11 22 48 39 94 37 150 127 117 1896 79 277 19 121 186 92 12 81 112 91 155 111 1897 109 95 46 70 413 250 91 93 365 112 72 112 1898 122 25 203 59 125 143 57 90 96 63 141 130 1899 73 84 25 111 53 61 53 105 187 28 100 76 1900 115 161 85 116 58 92 83 39 54 92 95 108 1901 77 290 109 125 262 125 64 69 100 86 102 143 1902 104 53 161 148 106 58 87 84 79 153 219 185 1903 44 57 100 101 97 64 59 124 83 64 48 138 1904 71 62 115 66 100 105 108 35 113 83 85 76 1905 36 63 19 35 141 30 66 47 41 38 78 43 1906 34 55 92 42 104 76 19 70 46 25 37 76 1907 47 39 32 41 24 35 12 24 45 14 45 66 1908 53 53 83 52 59 17 85 63 40 140 178 117 1909 37 73 95 124 58 172 254 136 159 242 220 88 1910 196 183 74 31 48 122 179 233 72 221 60 134 1911 346 250 117 82 83 55 180 132 5 147 196 72 1912 151 97 29 173 94 88 152 157 80 174 111 237 1913 124 282 273 123 87 271 193 69 162 224 86 229 1914 129 63 175 100 53 105 87 59 24 53 37 11 1915 28 7 23 49 16 5 12 8 43 11 31 17 1916 21 8 49 6 27 5 19 47 35 20 57 84 1917 210 4 20 5 21 44 16 0 9 14 8 8 1918 11 14 63 30 14 39 23 40 24 6 34 6 1919 15 14 5 6 34 12 38 2 14 22 22 13 1920 16 5 39 28 22 24 34 41 33 52 32 46 1921 58 45 89 62 111 66 62 105 51 68 58 93 1922 139 70 67 29 80 51 80 127 70 70 104 121 1923 135 87 112 115 119 135 151 128 135 147 170 109 1924 104 127 110 101 103 87 104 120 221 57 185 192 1925 147 91 91 96 203 125 130 96 136 115 176 102 1926 93 89 115 129 123 99 140 215 131 208 171 178 1927 170 274 171 184 214 238 220 167 223 218 169 168 1928 130 194 229 235 81 139 125 180 205 180 259 171 1929 155 141 216 173 135 181 179 270 154 297 243 173 1930 327 273 321 239 148 131 187 239 176 207 231 288 1931 288 174 224 343 152 192 169 212 202 129 240 226 1932 206 286 219 166 163 241 147 104 272 173 140 180 1933 208 120 168 178 155 187 142 203 239 114 238 202 1934 171 127 282 204 149 146 184 201 191 179 145 172 1935 227 221 163 146 176 147 227 182 168 218 171 191 1936 236 226 316 154 150 195 160 179 159 172 144 158 1937 230 169 174 140 137 207 206 153 156 100 184 131 1938 151 96 134 75 97 97 97 93 84 53 55 107 1939 109 60 85 96 104 83 37 35 48 52 37 36 1940 72 57 35 39 92 49 92 52 24 20 30 73 1941 104 62 44 87 50 80 132 220 130 237 176 23 1942 247 417 517 202 290 116 265 129 101 225 198 144 1943 165 301 190 200 302 206 199 163 499 296 393 315 1944 481 282 276 211 166 163 159 225 384 217 230 137 1945 143 110 122 35 84 0 35 49 32 51 62 19 1946 0 9 23 37 23 15 111 58 18 35 45 125 1947 217 193 203 86 97 117 71 150 87 42 87 55 1948 160 112 98 144 57 73 80 101 72 115 62 41 1949 80 121 148 101 110 154 430 116 175 147 116 175 1950 143 410 265 160 303 168 315 346 204 214 389 183 1951 325 363 159 165 135 286 158 153 459 164 178 208 1952 292 444 416 295 296 737 259 489 217 228 170 137 1953 210 376 213 91 301 208 145 264 214 188 270 224 1954 120 115 189 201 171 260 174 244 136 243 138 278 1955 163 217 157 202 247 229 185 255 229 411 651 506 1956 219 295 421 321 168 267 232 436 430 363 453 264 1957 472 315 582 508 337 323 370 233 334 712 466 528 1958 293 526 392 936 559 378 438 387 378 546 495 306 1959 370 392 410 472 389 405 383 335 315 239 432 535 1960 421 385 483 398 362 373 496 439 431 477 556 675 1961 496 447 725 622 675 590 656 589 617 981 635 556 1962 580 507 581 795 780 712 829 664 523 658 560 542 1963 562 357 643 585 592 561 501 608 444 531 442 628 1964 692 748 745 484 463 545 639 719 711 713 724 629 1965 731 432 721 608 636 658 440 672 634 552 665 616 1966 679 679 853 705 756 552 549 570 804 692 975 620 1967 772 994 995 1032 718 684 834 913 805 759 866 681 1968 861 599 949 872 997 770 720 603 807 891 586 682 1969 733 654 781 668 702 647 827 628 771 659 1076 661 1970 770 685 855 821 940 745 731 689 769 843 764 674 1971 787 784 802 838 660 756 803 624 806 698 624 630 1972 803 751 746 804 660 577 607 1028 743 652 858 752 1973 1005 1143 1067 691 750 967 741 726 853 935 1101 925 1974 916 854 914 768 1848 674 831 839 933 1702 1561 915 1975 847 833 766 1037 1063 979 976 929 1074 1248 793 683 1976 821 879 796 721 834 754 809 867 755 847 1031 893 1977 988 914 876 949 928 1081 686 1114 1035 1185 1356 790 1978 908 670 761 808 654 455 918 835 1101 1003 846 730 1979 1288 1030 615 1001 903 840 1222 1881 1960 2061 1502 1566 1980 1807 1709 1356 1557 1187 946 865 1146 1255 1437 1164 990 1981 959 879 1190 676 1149 789 1369 807 960 1018 974 1028 1982 1001 1250 933 1172 907 828 831 1217 986 1076 1651 2576 1983 1656 963 1167 1177 852 881 835 908 703 1027 955 829 1984 1046 1800 1519 866 807 1224 834 897 879 1139 1277 1070 1985 1011 980 769 1183 911 1274 917 917 837 1467 1903 1565 1986 1587 1356 1759 1036 1359 1986 1713 1977 1868 2022 2182 1862 1987 3221 2262 2334 1961 2085 2449 2122 2234 1850 2848 3389 3653 1988 2957 1740 2249 2150 1682 1902 2574 3029 3321 2856 2676 2602 1989 3369 2421 2221 2906 2687 2260 2699 2354 2518 2610 2640 3162 1990 3680 3042 2772 2970 4676 4132 4092 4522 6007 5777 4945 9002 1991 7553 5531 4423 4548 4295 4491 5256 6778 6728 6718 922610996 1992108851003412836130531303412584119201153113064142021509915901 1993161361399816379188522039120358199082031219099222312190223561 1994233842038021517216472363324758253152560225147271072696727000 1995252442295423859221822315022894226382150919446185351763819104 1996203751853319862182392059024166256392555225885268062484124687 1997235532034922205214742204921473239532350422390226792228520721 1998229522070223270221662168018843182271826117229185791937121438 1999213661917623198220292288722512248462479922920248742522329066 2000288012494825710256162597624855265132736726034264542473825616 2001253422257224174235412473123832309673153031001312292991531147 2002310232718728647280232830530952355023379130338321893296332740 2003288292769528103266252843928815310603162431611313762877429658 2004273852500624634252962723527171306042888729132298662774326625 2005133722113823097222012738935885405134007335289339662668729445 2006214991953215979152481790616591219392584326607261632646226094 200718215158531748119108 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
